Permanent-hair-waving appliance



July 29, 1930. A. e. BORDEN .PIRIANIN'I' HAIR WAVING APPLIANCE Filed July 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Shut 1 I :a-LL U July 29, 1930. A. s. BORDEN PIRIANENT HAIR WAVING APPLIANCE Eihd July 5, 192'? 2 Sheets-Shut '2' m m I i v 5, 4115551555 1 9 a in Patented July 29, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ARTHUR G. BORDEN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE BORDEN METHOD, INC., OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT COLUMBIA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE PERMANENT-HAIR-WAVING APPLIANCE I Application filed July 5, 1927. Serial No. 206,328. 1

My.invention relates to improvements in the appliances or method used in preparing the hair of a person for permanently waving, and the object of my improvements are, first to protect the patron from excessive v heat or burns; second to simplify the operation, allowing the operator to prepare the hair in the shortest time possible and with the utmost ease third, to eliminate tying the hair to any part of the appliance either at the roots of the hair or at the ends; fourth to wrap the hair more smoothly and tighter on the waving rod by a simplified mechanical winder.

I attain these objects by a mechanism'illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an elevation of the curling rod showing the improved base and winder for back wrapping the hair preparatory to a steaming operation; 1

A Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional v1ew taken through the heater showing the curling rod inserted therein for a steaming operation; V Fig. 3 1s a lateral cross-sectional V1GW I through the assembled heater taken on line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a lateral cross-sectional view on line 4-4 of Fig. 2 showing the absorbent gasket members which are disposed at the base of the heater for preventing leakage of condensate upon the patron;

Fig. 5 is a lateral view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 2 showing the metal clamping discs which secure the hair in a position in which for t wrapped formation in a central position within the heater;

Fig. 10 is an end view of the clamping device shown in Fig. 9;

' Fig. 11 is a plan view of the upper plate used for securing the hair in the heater;

Fi 12 is a view of the lower plate used c purpose of securing the hair in the heater;

Fig. 13 is a side elevational view partially in cross-section showing the heat resisting winder employed in the apparatus of my invention;

Fi 14 is a plan view of the heat resisting win er;

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional View takenthrough the heater showing a modified form of clamping means for securing the hair in wrapped formation within the heater;

Fig. 16 is an elevational view of a modified ford-m of clamping device for the hair curling ro Fig. 17 is a side view of the clamping device shown in Fig. 16; and

Fig. 18 is a plan view of the top of the clamping device illustrated in Figs. 16 and 17.

Referring more particularly to the drawmember'S are apertured as represented at 10 to permit the'passage of the strands of hair 2 into the heater to a position where the hair may be wrapped upon rod member 1. An independent disc 11 is concentricallymounted upon rod 1 and is angularly movable with res ect thereto for clamping the hair in a des1red position with respect'to the heater. The late 5 is provided with a projecting lug 5, w ile plate 11 is provided with a projecting l g l1" e a l g the plates to be s f ed with .respect to each other. The plates are each provided with arcuate slots 11 and 5, respectively, through which the hair may be passed and clamped during the waving process. The plate member 5 has an upstruck lug 5, while the upper plate 11 has a downstruck lug 11 which cooperate to prevent any shearing effect with respect to the hair. In this manner a large flat surface is presented to the strands of hair at opposite ends of the slots when the plates are respectively moved, as shown niore clearly in Fig. 5. The vertically extending rod 1 is provided with a head ortion 12 which may be gripped by a suita le spring-clamping device, represented more clearly in Fig. for securing the hair waver in position within the heater. The spring gripping device is shown as comprising a spring snap structure 14 cooperating wlth the groove on the head 12 of rod member 1. A cap 15 is provided fitted within the end of heater l6 and retained in spring pressed position therein by means of spring 17. This spring tends to constantly urge the rod member 1 in a vertical direction, thereby drawing that end of the rod upon which hair is wrapped to a position within the heater.

It will be observed that a positive air space is provided between the upper surface of the plate member 8 and the lower surface of the disc 5. Circulation of air is permitted through this gap thereby reducing the conduction of heat to the head of the patron under treatment. In order to hermetically close the heater and preventcondensation from dripping from the-heater upon the head of a patron under treatment, I provide a plurality of absorbent 'pad members 18. The structure is laminated and built up from a. plurality of independent fibrous washers tending to absorb moisture which may be developed within the heater.

As shown more clearly in Fig. 4 each of the laminations consists of fiat sheets having diametrically extending cuts 19 adjacent the center thereof thus providing upstanding ears 20 as represented in Fig. 2 for the protection of the patron from leakage of 'condensation. The heater 16 may be of double walled construction having the heating element 21 embedded therein, and a flexible electrical connection extending therefrom as represented at 22. On the rod member 1 I pro vide a mechanical winder and fastener for the hair 23 constituted by a cylindrical member. The mechanical winder is formedof heat-resisting material, such as fiber or bakelite having no metal to absorb heat and no shar edges to cut or break the hair. The win er has a cylinder portion and a fastener portion with a prong 24 extending laterally therefrom, providing means for catching the hair by a slmple twist of the winder. The

ends of the hair are firmly held in a V-shaped slot 25 which extends longitudinally of the hair.

winder 23. The hair may be tightly secured in this slot by passing the strands through the opening provided between the winder proper and the laterally extending prong 24.

It will be seen that the winder is longitudinally slidable along the rod. The strands of hair may be passed through the aperture 10 in the pad 9, the corresponding aperture in plate 8 and the aperture 5 and 11 in plates 5 aiid 11 into the heater chamber 26. Inap- 1 by which the hair may be locked into the g0 winder. By applying pressure to the winder and revolving the same by a twist of the fingers the hair may be tightly wound upon rod 1 and built up in a spiral thereon holding all of the strands uniform and eliminating time heretofore required in hand winding of After the hair is wound upon the rod and the winder occupies a position adjacent the upper extremity of the rod as represented in Figs. 2 and 15, a strip of flannel designated at 27 saturated with a suitable softening solution required in all permanent waving is wrapped around the hair while wound upon rod 1. The natural dampness of the flannel strip 27 enables the StllP' to be retained in position. The heater chamber 16 is then inserted over/ the hair in its wrapped form assuming the position illustrated in Fig. 15. v i

In Fig. 2 I have illustrated a method of centering the rod 1 with hair wound thereon within the heater chamber 26 and at the same time providing means for retaining the fiannel cloth 27 in position and holding the assembled discs 18'tightly against the lower extremity of the heater 16 constituting a hermetic closure for the heater. This is accomplished by means of the yoke member 28 represented more clearly in Figs. 9 and 10 as comprising a pair of spring arms normally. bowed outwardly and embracing the interior Walls of theheater chamber 26. The yoke is apertured at the extremity 29 to permit the rod 1 to be passed therethrough.

In Figs. 16 and 17 I have shown a modified form of yoke having a side opening member 30 at the top thereof constituted by a pair of spring jaws which may be slipped sideways overthe rod 1 for centering the rod within the heater chamber and retaining the wrap-' ping 27 in position with respect to the rod 1.

By applying downward pressure on the winder-23 the ends of the hair are backwrapped thus giving a more decided spring or curl to the hair.

The appliance of my invention has been used with extremely successful results and produces a permanent wave to the hair indistinguishable from naturally curly hair.

The appliance is convenient to operate and thorough protection to the patron is assured. The structure of the appliance is extremely simple to operate and the parts may be manufactured inexpensively upon a quantity production scale.

While I have described certain preferred embodiments of my invention, I desire that it be understood that modifications may be made and that no limitations upon my invention are intended other than are imposed by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. In a hair waving appliance, a heater member, a tubular casing enclosing said heater member, a rod member extending centrally through said casing, a base connected to said rod member for closing the end of said casing, said ro'd member forming a central axis about which hair may be curled, and clamping means secured over the hair in curled formation for maintaining the rod member centrally within said casing and for providing an annular air gap between the interior walls of said casing and the hair curled on said rod throughout the. path of movementof said rod with respect to said casing.

2. In a hair waving appliance a heating chamber, a central rod member for receiving hair in wrapped formation, a base secured to the end of said rod member for closing the end of said chamber when said rod member with hair Wrapped thereon is moved into said chamber, and spring means surrounding said rod member and frictionally engaging the inner walls of said chamber for maintaining the hair in spaced relation to the interior walls of said heating chamber throughout the path of movement of said rod with respect to said chamber.

3. In a hair waving appliance, a tubular shaped heating chamber, a central rod member for receiving hair in wrapped formation thereon, said rod having a base adapted to close the end of said chamber when said rod member is moved into the chamber, a yoke member ofspring material positioned over said rod member and frictionally engaging the inner walls of said chamber for maintaining the hair in spaced relation to the interior walls of said chamber throughout the path of movement of said rod with respect to said chamber. e

4. In a hair waving appliance, a tubular shapedheating chamber, a curling rod proj ectable centrally within said chamber, a base secured to said curling rod for closing the end of said chamber when said rod is moved to a position interiorly of the chamber, said base being apertured for the passage of hair ing pad.

being centered with respect to said rod and having portions thereof frictionally engaging diametrically opposite parts of the inner wall of said chamber for maintaining the hair within said chamber out of contact with the interior walls thereof during a steaming operation. 3

5. In a hair waving appliance, a tubular heating chamber, a rod member projectable centrally into said chamber, a base connect ed to said rod member for normally closing the end of said chamber, said base being aperturedfor the passage of hair therethrough to a position where the hair may be wrapped upon said rod, and means disposed between said base and the end of said chamber for absorbing moisture from said chamber and preventing leakage thereof below said base.

6. In a hair waving appliance a tubular heating chamber, a rod member projectable centrally therein, a base carried by said rod member for normally closing the end of said tion interiorly of said chamber, said base being provided with a plurality of parallel extending discs, one of said discs providing a support for a plurality of moisture. absorbing means adapted to substantially close the end of said .heater chamber and prevent leakage of moisture therefrom, and the other of said discs providing a support for a heat-resist- 8. In a hair waving appliance, a tubular shaped heater chamber, a hair curling rod insertable centrally within said chamber, a base carried by said rod for closing thecnd of said chamber when the rod is pro ected to a position interiorly of said chamber, said base being provided with a plurality of parallel extending discs, one of said discs providing a support for a plural- 1ty of moisture absorbing means, and the otherof said discs providing a support for a heat-resisting pad, said discs being spaced one from the other for establishing a circulatory air path therebetween for substantially preventing conduction of heat from said chamber to said last mentioned disc.

9. In a hair waving appliance a tubular shaped heater, a hair curling rod projectable to a position within said heater,'a base member extending normal to said hair curling rod for closing the end of said chamber whensaid rod is moved to a position interiorly of said. chamber, said. base member including a pair of angularly movable discs apertured for the passage of hair therethrough to a position where the hair may be wrapped upon said rod,'moisture absorbing means disposed between one of said discs and the end of said chamber and a facing pad supported by the other of said discs, the disc supporting said moisture absorbing means being positively spaced from the disc supporting said facing pad for establishing a circulatory air path therebetween and substantially preventing heat conduction from said chamber to said facingpad. I

v 10. In a hair Waving appliance a heater chamber, a hair curlin rod insertable centrally within said cham er, means carried by the end of said rod for closing'the end of said chamber, said means being constituted by a plurality of plates spaced one from the other with a gap for the free passage of air therebetween, one of said plates having a facing I pad thereon, each of said plates being apertured to permit the passage of hair'into said chamber for engagement by said hair curling rod whereby transfer of heat from said chamber to said facing pad is substantially prevented by dissipation of said heat between said plates.

11. In a hair waving, appliance a heater chamber,- a hair curling rod insertable centrally within said heater chamber, a base carried by said rod for closing the end of said heater chamber while permitting the entrance of hair into said heater chamber for engagement by said curling rod, said base being constituted by a plurality of plates separated one from the other for the free passage of air therebetween, moisture absorbent pads carried by said base for closing the end of said heater chamber and a facing pad carried b one of said plates whereby conduction of heat from said chamber to said facing pad is substantially reduced.

12. In a hair waving appliance a heater chamber, a rod insertable into said heater chamber, a base carried by said rod and normally closing said heater chamber, said base being constituted by a plurality of plates spaced one from the other for the passage of air freely therebetween for facilitating theradiation of heat from said plates, one of said plates carrying a heat resisting pad for protecting the patron from contact with said heater chamber and a multiplicity of moisture absorbent pads in stacked relation between said base and the end of said chamber for preventing seepage of condensate from said chamber .upon the patron.

In testimbny whereof I aflix my signature.

, ARTHUR G. BURDEN. 

